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1900
- April 2, 1900 - U.S. President McKinley signs the Foraker Act that establishes a civilian government in Puerto Rico. The Act provides for an executive council appointed by the President, a House of Delegates with 35 elected members, a judicial system with a Supreme Court, and a non-voting Resident Commissioner in Congress. The governor continues to be appointed by the U.S. President. (Event found in 0 files)
- August 1, 1900 - A general strike lead by Federación Libre de Trabajadores paralizes most of the Island. Labor leader Santiago Iglesias Pantín is arrested and sent to prison. (Event found in 0 files)
- September 26, 1900 - After being released from prison, labor leader Santiago Iglesias Pantín travels to New York City. In New York, Iglesias Pantín would remain active in labor struggles, become a U.S. citizen, and establish a long-term contact with Samuel Gompers, leader of the American Federation of Labor. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 3, 1901 - As labor leader Santiago Iglesias Pantín returns to Puerto Rico, he is once again arrested and sent to prison by the colonial administration. He is accused of "conspiring to increase the cost of labor" and eventually sentenced to over three years in prison. (Event found in 0 files)
- August 11, 1903 - Puerto Rican educator, writer, and independence advocate Eugenio María de Hostos dies in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic at age 64. (Event found in 0 files)
- February 18, 1904 - Luis Muñoz Rivera returns to Puerto Rico from voluntary exile in New York. (Event found in 0 files)
- February 19, 1904 - The Partido Unión de Puerto Rico (also known as Partido Unionista or Unionist Party) is founded by Luis Muñoz Rivera, José de Diego, and Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón, among others. The Unionistas include independence as one of the political options for Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 6, 1906 - The Partido Unionista (Unionist Party) wins the elections to the House of Delegates. Unionist Tulio Larrinaga is elected as Resident Commissioner in Washington. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 4, 1908 - In the General Election the Partido Unionista captures the largest number of votes and all the seats in the House of Delegates. Its candidate to Resident Commissioner in Washington is also elected. José de Diego becomes Speaker of the House. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 6, 1910 - In the General Election the Partido Unionista captures the largest number of votes and all the seats in the House of Delegates. The Unionista candidate to Resident Commissioner in Washington, Luis Muñoz Rivera, is also elected. (Event found in 0 files)
1910
- February 8, 1912 - The Partido de la Independencia de Puerto Rico is founded by former Unionista leaders like Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón, Manuel Zeno Gandía, and Luis Llorens Torres, among others. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 22, 1913 - During its Convention the Partido Unionista decides to remove 'statehood' from its platform while keeping autonomy as a step toward independence. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 3, 1914 - In the General Election, the Partido Unionista captures the largest number of votes and most of the seats in the House of Delegates. The Unionista candidate to Resident Commissioner in Washington, Luis Muñoz Rivera, is also elected. José de Diego serves as Speaker of the House.
(Event found in 0 files)
- March 21, 1915 - The Partido Socialista de Puerto Rico is founded in Cayey, Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- September 25, 1916 - After finishing his Bachelors degree (BA), Albizu enrolls at the Harvard University Law School. He enters the Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) and at completion he is recommended for the rank of First Lieutenant. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 15, 1916 - Luis Muñoz Rivera, politician, journalist, and writer from Barranquitas, Puerto Rico, dies at age 57. (Event found in 0 files)
- March 2, 1917 - President Woodrow Wilson signs the Jones-Shafroth Act that makes Puerto Ricans U.S. citizens. The Jones Act separates the Executive, Judicial, and Legislative branches of Puerto Rican government and creates a locally elected bicameral legislature. (Event found in 0 files)
1920
- March 18, 1920 - Muñoz Marín joins the Partido Socialista and participates with Santiago Iglesias Pantín in the political campaign for the elections to be held in November. (Event found in 0 files)
- May 6, 1921 - U.S. president, Warren Harding, appoints Emmet Montgomery Reily as governor of Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- September 21, 1921 - José Celso Barbosa, physician, politician, statehood advocate, and leader of the Partido Republicano dies at age 64. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 10, 1922 - In the case of Balzac v. Porto Rico (258 U.S. 298) the U.S. Supreme Court declares that Puerto Rico is a territory rather than a part of the United States.
(Event found in 0 files)
- September 17, 1922 - The Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico is founded in Río Piedras. José Coll y Cuchí is elected president and José S. Alegría vice president. (Event found in 0 files)
- October 3, 1922 - Albizu Campos joins the Partido Unión de Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 6, 1923 - Horace Mann Towner is sworn as the new governor of Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- May 4, 1924 - The Partido Unión de Puerto Rico and Partido Republicano join to form the Alianza de Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- May 12, 1924 - Albizu Campos announces his resignation from the Partido Unión and strongly criticizes the participation of that party in the Alianza. (Event found in 0 files)
- May 18, 1924 - Albizu Campos becomes the Vice President of the Partido Nacionalista de Puerto Rico (Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico). (Event found in 0 files)
- November 4, 1924 - In the General Election held in Puerto Rico, the recently created Partido Nacionalista de Puerto Rico obtains 399 votes. (Event found in 0 files)
- September 6, 1925 - The Nationalist Party celebrates a Convention where Federico Acosta Velarde is elected president and Pedro Albizu Campos vice president. The party approves sending Albizu Campos as a delegate to various Latin American countries to promote solidarity with the independence of Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- July 1, 1926 - Muñoz Marín is appointed as director of the newspaper La Democracia. (Event found in 0 files)
- March 18, 1927 - Muñoz Marín publishes an editorial titled La política de los Estados Unidos en el Caribe where he denounces U.S. expansionistic policies and warns of the threat that it represents for Hispano-American countries. (Event found in 0 files)
- June 20, 1927 - Albizu Campos starts a trip that would take him to several Latin American countries to promote Puerto Rican independence. (Event found in 0 files)
- February 1929 - Muñoz Marín publishes The Sad Case of Porto Rico in The American Mercury. (Event found in 0 files)
- Octobre 7, 1929 - Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., recently appointed Governor of Puerto Rico, arrives to San Juan. (Event found in 0 files)
1930
- January 4, 1930 - Albizu Campos returns from his trip to Latin American countries. (Event found in 0 files)
- May 11, 1930 - Albizu Campos is elected President of the Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico. (Event found in 1 files)
- August 20, 1931 - Muñoz Marín returns to Puerto Rico and expresses his intention to vote for the Partido Unionista and for Pedro Albizu Campos for the Senate in the 1932 election. (Event found in 0 files)
- March 12, 1932 - During its Convention, the Partido Unionista becomes the Partido Liberal Puertorriqueño. Muñoz Marín joins the Liberal party. (Event found in 0 files)
- March 15, 1932 - Muñoz Marín is appointed director of La Democracia, official newspaper of the Partido Liberal Puertorriqueño. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 16, 1932 - During a protest at El Capitolio in San Juan, Manuel Suárez Díaz, member of the Nationalist Party, is killed. (Event found in 0 files)
- September 12, 1932 - Muñoz Marín rejects a nomination for Resident Commissioner and accepts to run for Senator At-Large for the Partido Liberal. He also becomes the Campaign Director for the party. (Event found in 0 files)
- October 15, 1932 - Nationalist Party denounces the assassination of Angel Feliú, Nationalist leader in New York City. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 8, 1932 - In the General Election that takes place in Puerto Rico, Luis Muñoz Marín is elected Senator at Large under the Partido Liberal banner. Pedro Albizu Campos receives 11,882 votes, more than twice the number obtained by the Nationalist Party. (Event found in 0 files)
- 1932 - The Nationalist Party announces its new policy of electoral boycott. (Event found in 0 files)
- December 2, 1932 - El Mundo newspaper publishes information about the creation of the Federación Nacional de Estudiantes Puertorriqueños (FNEP) in Río Piedras, Puerto Rico. Founding members include Domingo Marrero, Julio Pinto, Juan Juarbe, Carlos Santana Becerra, Francisco Pagán, and Herminio Concepción de Gracia. (Event found in 0 files)
- October 2, 1933 - Colonel Elisha Francis Riggs arrives to Puerto Rico to take charge of the Insular Police. (Event found in 0 files)
- February 5, 1934 - Blanton Winship assumes the position of Governor of Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- September 23, 1934 - The Communist Party of Puerto Rico is founded. (Event found in 0 files)
- October 19, 1935 - Nationalist newspaper La Palabra publishes its first issue. (Event found in 0 files)
- October 24, 1935 - Four Nationalists are killed by the Police in what came to be known as the Río Piedras Massacre. (Event found in 1 files)
- October 30, 1935 - Leaders of the Nationalist Party announce that they will avenge the deaths of the Nationalists killed the previous week. Responding to a statement by the police chief, E. Francis Riggs, in the sense that there is a war against the Nationalists, the party leadership states that they accept the challenge and that there would be war. (Event found in 0 files)
- January 1936 - The Nationalist Party institutes compulsory military service for all its members over 18 years old. (Event found in 0 files)
- February 23, 1936 - Elías Beauchamp and Hiram Rosado kill Colonel Elisha Francis Riggs, Chief of the Insular Police. (Event found in 1 files)
- February 23, 1936- Members of the Insular Police kill Elías Beauchamp and Hiram Rosado while in custody and unarmed. (Event found in 1 files)
- February 23, 1936 - Insular Police raids the offices of Nationalist newspaper La Palabra (Event found in 1 files)
- March 5, 1936 - Pedro Albizu Campos and other nine leaders and members of the Nationalist Party are arrested and accused of seditious conspiracy. (Event found in 1 files)
- March 31, 1936 - U.S. District Court in San Juan orders the secretary of the Nationalist Party to relinquish party minutes. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 2, 1936 - Judge Robert Cooper sends Juan Antonio Corretjer to La Princesa prison for refusing to surrender Nationalist Party minutes. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 3, 1936 - Federal Grand Jury submits accusations against Pedro Albizu Campos, Juan A. Corretjer, Luis F. Velázquez, Clemente Soto Vélez, Erasmo Velázquez, Julio H. Velázquez, Rafael Ortiz Pacheco, Juan Gallardo Santiago, and Pablo Rosado Ortiz for violations of Title 18 of the U.S. Code. Ortiz Pacheco would escape to the Dominican Republic. (Event found in 0 files)
- July 14, 1936 - Trial against Albizu Campos and other Nationalist leaders starts in San Juan. (Event found in 0 files)
- July 31, 1936 - Second trial against Albizu Campos and other Nationalist leaders concludes with a guilty verdict against Pedro Albizu Campos, Juan A. Corretjer, Luis F. Velázquez, Clemente Soto Vélez, Erasmo Velázquez, Julio H. Velázquez, Juan Gallardo Santiago, and Pablo Rosado Ortiz. (Event found in 0 files)
- August 9, 1936 - The Congress for the Liberation of Puerto Rican Political Prisoners is held in San Juan under the presidency of Vicente Geigel Polanco. Congressman Vito Marcantonio attends the event. (Event found in 0 files)
- September 10, 1936 - Acción Social Independentista (ASI) is created by Luis Muñoz Marín, Ernesto Ramos Antonini, Víctor Gutiérrez Franqui, Ernesto Juan Fonfrías, Ildefonso Solá Morales, and Enrique Martínez Solá, among others. The goal is to promote the independence of Puerto Rico and social justice. (Event found in 1 files)
- October 25, 1936 - A member of the Nationalist fires five shots at Socialist leader Santiago Iglesias Pantín during a public rally in Mayagüez. Iglesias Pantín is wounded. Domingo Saltari is arrested and eventually sentenced to 10 years in prison. (Event found in 0 files)
- January 31, 1937 - Julio Pinto Gandía is elected as Interin President of the Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- February 12, 1937 - The U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Boston confirms the sentences against Albizu Campos and other Nationalist leaders. (Event found in 0 files)
- March 21, 1937 - A peaceful Nationalist Party demonstration in Ponce is surrounded by police forces that open fire on the participants. The shooting leaves 20 dead and over 150 wounded. The event will eventually be known as the Ponce Massacre. (Event found in 0 files)
- May 22, 1937 - The 'Commission of Inquiry on Civil Rights in Puerto Rico' presents its investigation of the March 21, 1937 events in Ponce stating that "the facts show that the affair (...) was a 'Massacre'". (Event found in 0 files)
- June 7, 1937 - Albizu Campos and the other leaders of the Partido Nacionalista are transferred to the Federal Penitentiary in Atlanta, Georgia. (Event found in 1 files)
- June 8, 1937 - Unidentified individuals open fire against federal judge Robert A. Cooper who sentenced the Nationalist leadership to prison terms in Atlanta. (Event found in 0 files)
- January 10, 1938 - Julio Pinto Gandía and other seven Nationalist leaders are sentenced to five years in prison. (Event found in 0 files)
- July 25, 1938 - In an act of provocation, Governor Blanton Winship sponsors the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the U.S. military invasion of Puerto Rico in the city of Ponce (where 20 Nationalists were massacred the year before) rather than in San Juan (as previously done) or in Guánica (the landing place of the U.S. troops). (Event found in 0 files)
- July 25, 1938 - A Nationalist commando opens fire on Governor Blanton Winship during the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the U.S. military invasion of Puerto Rico. Nationalist Angel Esteban Antongiorgi empties his gun aiming at Winship and is killed by the police. Police Colonel Luis Irizarry dies in the attempt. (Event found in 0 files)
- July 25, 1938 - Authorities refuse to return the body of Angel Esteban Antongiorgi to his family. His burial place is unknown. (Event found in 0 files)
- September 11, 1939 - Admiral William D. Leahy, newly appointed governor of the Island, arrives in Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- December 5, 1939 - Santiago Iglesias Pantín dies at age 67. (Event found in 0 files)
1940
- March 31, 1940 - The Confederación General de Trabajadores (CGT) is founded. (Event found in 0 files)
- June 3, 1943 - Pedro Albizu Campos leaves the Atlanta Penitentiary after being paroled. (Event found in 1 files)
- June 6, 1943 - Pedro Albizu Campos enters Columbus Hospital in New York City to recover from health problems linked to his six years in prison. (Event found in 1 files)
- November 9, 1945 - After a two-and-a-half years stay, Albizu Campos leaves the Columbus Hospital. He would stay in New York City for another two years before returning back to Puerto Rico. (Event found in 1 files)
- March 10, 1946 - The Partido Comunista Puertorriqueño is reorganized and César Andreu Iglesias is elected president. (Event found in 0 files)
- July 21, 1946 - Jesús T. Piñero is appointed Governor of Puerto Rico, the first Puerto Rican to hold that position under United States rule. (Event found in 0 files)
- July 25, 1946 - The first Congreso Pro Independencia (Pro Independence Congress) is held. (Event found in 0 files)
- June 20, 1947 - The Partido Comunista Puertorriqueño holds its Second National Convention. César Andreu Iglesias is re-elected president. (Event found in 0 files)
- August 11, 1947 - Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño initiates the process of registering as an official electoral party in Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
- December 15, 1947 - Pedro Albizu Campos returns to Puerto Rico. (Event found in 2 files)
- December 15, 1947 - As a welcome to Pedro Albizu Campos' return to Puerto Rico, several University of Puerto Rico students raise the Puerto Rican flag at the Río Piedras campus. Student leaders (including Juan Mari Brás, Jorge L. Landing, and José Gil de la Madrid) are suspended by Chancellor Jaime Benítez. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 14, 1948 - University of Puerto Rico students go on strike demanding the reinstatement of five expelled student leaders. The campus is closed by university administrators. (Event found in 1 files)
- May 20, 1948 - The Legislature of Puerto Rico approves Public Law #53, popularly known as La Mordaza (the Gag Law). (Event found in 0 files)
- June 10, 1948 - Governor Muñoz Marín signs into law the recently approved Public Law #53, known as La Mordaza (the Gag Law). (Event found in 0 files)
- November 2, 1948 - Elections take place in Puerto Rico. Puerto Ricans vote for the first time for the position of Governor. Luis Muñoz Marín is elected for the position. (Event found in 1 files)
- January 2, 1949 - Luis Muñoz Marín is sworn as the first elected governor of Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
1950
- July 3, 1950 - U.S. President Harry Truman signs Public Law #600, which authorizes the people of Puerto Rico to draft a Constitution. (Event found in 0 files)
- October 30, 1950 - Nationalist Insurrection takes place in the town of Jayuya and several other municipalities of Puerto Rico. (Event found in 2 files)
- October 30, 1950 - Nationalist commando attack La Fortaleza, official residence of Governor Luis Muñoz Marín. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 1, 1950 - Oscar Collazo and Griselio Torresola attack the Blair House, temporary residence of President Harry S. Truman. Torresola dies in the attack while Collazo is wounded and arrested. (Event found in 2 files)
- November 2, 1950 - After a two-day siege, the Police of Puerto Rico arrest Albizu Campos in his house in San Juan. He is accused of violating the mordaza law among other things. (Event found in 0 files)
- May 16, 1952 - The San Juan Office of the FBI starts a secret investigation after a letter containing threats against Governor Muñoz Marín and others is intercepted in the San Juan District Jail. (Event found in 1 files)
- July 3, 1952 - The U.S. Congress approves Public Law #447 stating that the acceptance of the new constitution drafted by the Puerto Rican Constitutional Convention is conditioned to the elimination of Section 20 of the document and other amendments. (Event found in 0 files)
- September 30, 1953 - Governor Muñoz Marín grants amnesty to Albizu Campos in response to his deteriorating health condition and worldwide pressure for his release. (Event found in 0 files)
- March 1, 1954 - Four Nationalists (Lolita Lebrón, Andrés Figeroa Cordero, Rafael Cancel Miranda, and Irvin Flores) open fire in the U.S. House of Representatives wounding several members of Congress. (Event found in 1 files)
- March 6, 1954 - Albizu Campos is once again arrested by federal agents and members of the Police of Puerto Rico. Albizu is carried unconscious after his residence is tear-gassed and raided. (Event found in 1 files)
- April 4, 1956 - After suffering a cerebral hemorrhage, Albizu Campos is transferred from the San Juan Penitentiary to the Presbyterian Hospital in Condado. (Event found in 0 files)
- August 5, 1957 - The Legislature of Puerto Rico unanimously votes to revoke Law 53 of 1948, popularly known as La Mordaza. (Event found in 0 files)
- December 30, 1959 - Governor Muñoz Marín signs an amnesty for Albizu Campos that covers the violations of Law #53 (La mordaza). Other sentences remain in effect and Albizu continues imprisoned. (Event found in 0 files)
1960
- August 4, 1960 – J. Edgar Hoover orders initiation of COINTELPRO operations against Puerto Rican organizations and individuals seeking independence for the Island. The operatives pay particular attention to the Movimiento Pro Independencia (MPI) and the Federación de Universitarios Pro Independencia (FUPI). (Event found in 0 files)
- May 30, 1961 - Dominican dictator, Rafael L. Trujillo, is killed in the Dominican Republic. (Event found in 1 files)
- September 28, 1961 - The office of the FBI in San Juan receives information that, before the death of Dominican dictator Trujillo, there had been a plot to assassinate either Governor Muñoz Marín of Puerto Rico, President Rómulo Betancourt of Venezuela, or Premier Fidel Castro of Cuba. The FBI starts an investigation. (Event found in 1 files)
- November 10, 1964 - In a split decision, the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico denies a writ of habeas corpus which would have freed Albizu Campos. (Event found in 0 files)
- November 15, 1964 - As his health continues to deteriorate and his death is almost certain, Pedro Albizu Campos is granted amnesty by Governor Muñoz Marín. (Event found in 2 files)
- December 15, 1964 - One month after receiving an executive pardon, Pedro Albizu Campos is moved from the Presbyterian Hospital in Condado to a private residence in Hato Rey. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 21, 1965 - Don Pedro Albizu Campos dies in San Juan at age 73. (Event found in 4 files)
- July 23, 1967 - Status Referendum takes place. It would later be known that the FBI interfered in the process, among other things to disrupt possible alliances between independentistas and soberanistas. (Event found in 0 files)
- March 15, 1968 - Gilberto Concepción de Gracia, lawyer, founder of the Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño, and member of the Senate from 1952 to 1960, dies at age 58. (Event found in 0 files)
1970
- May 19, 1970 - Carlos Feliciano Vásquez is arrested in New York City. (Event found in 0 files)
- October 10, 1970 - Filiberto Ojeda Rios is arrested near the town of Quebradillas by FBI agents and members of the Intelligence Division of the Puerto Rican Police. (Event found in 0 files)
- March 24, 1976 - Santiago Mari Pesquera, the eldest son of independentista leader Juan Mari Brás, is assassinated. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 17, 1976 - César Andreu Iglesias, writer, journalist, and labor organizer, dies in San Juan at age 60. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 19, 1976 - A community school board in New York City votes to rename a Harlem school (PS 161) after Puerto Rican patriot Pedro Albizu Campos. (Event found in 1 files)
- July 14, 1978 - A shotgun is fired in front of the residence of Muñoz Marín in Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico. A group that calls itself Fuerzas Armadas Anti-Imperialistas (Anti-Imperialist Armed Forces) claims responsibility. It would later be known that the group was a creation of police undercover agent Alejandro González Malavé. (Event found in 1 files)
- April 28, 1979 - Carlos Muñiz Varela, director of Viajes Varadero, a travel agency that promotes trips to Cuba, is assassinated in San Juan, Puerto Rico. (Event found in 0 files)
1980
- April 26, 1980 - Muñoz Marín suffers a cerebral infarct and is admitted into the Mimiya Clinic in Santurce. (Event found in 0 files)
- April 30, 1980 - Luis Muñoz Marín, founder of the Estado Libre Asociado dies at age 82. (Event found in 0 files)
- June 25, 1980 - The Fundación Luis Muñoz Marín (Luis Muñoz Marín Foundation) is incorporated by Inés María Mendoza de Muñoz, Luis Muñoz Lee, and Victoria Muñoz Mendoza. (Event found in 0 files)
- January 19, 1985 - Juan Antonio Corretjer, poet, writer, and journalist, dies in San Juan, Puerto Rico at age 76. (Event found in 0 files)
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